Neps n'umwanda nikibazo kitoroshye cyo gukemura muguhingura ipamba, kandi ingingo nyamukuru yo kugenzura ni mugukarita.None, ni izihe ngingo zikwiye gufatwa kugirango zishimangire gukuraho neza neps n'umwanda mugikorwa cyamakarita?Mu kumenya no gukora ingingo zikurikira mu musaruro, biroroshye cyane kugenzura umwanda w ipamba ikora ubudodo.
1. Ikarita nziza
Ikarita yongerewe imbaraga irashobora guteza imbere kugorora fibre, gucamo fibre imwe, no guteza imbere gutandukanya fibre n umwanda, mugihe kandi irekura neps.Kubwibyo, "gukosora" umwanya wingenzi wo gufungura hamwe nuburemere bwibintu bifungura ni ngombwa cyane.
2. Umwanda ugomba kugabanwa muburyo bukwiye
Nibyiza cyane kumenya umwanda ugwa muburyo n'umwanya, ni ukuvuga gukuraho umwanda, ni ngombwa kugabanya imirimo mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro, kandi ibice bitandukanye byimashini yamakarita ubwabyo bigomba no kugabana imirimo kugirango bikureho umwanda.Ku mwanda usanzwe ari munini kandi byoroshye gutandukanya no kuwukuramo, ihame ryo kugwa hakiri kare no kutavunika bigomba gushyirwa mubikorwa, no kugwa hakiri kare mugikorwa cyogusukura.Umwanda ufite fibre ifatanye cyane, cyane cyane ifite fibre ndende, nibyiza cyane kurandurwa kumashini yamakarita.Kubwibyo, mugihe gukura kwipamba mbisi ari bibi kandi hakaba hari inenge nyinshi zangiza muri fibre, imashini yamakarita igomba kongerwa muburyo bukwiye kugirango ikureho umwanda n imyanda.Igice cya karike kigomba gukuraho imbuto zacitse, flaps zikomeye hamwe na linteri, hamwe n umwanda mwiza hamwe na fibre ngufi.Isahani yo gupfundikira irakwiriye gukuraho umwanda mwiza, neps, lint ngufi, nibindi.
Kuri pamba rusange yo murugo, igipimo cya noil yikarita iruta iyo gufungura no gukora isuku.Uburyo bwo kuvanaho umwanda wo guhanagura ipamba (umwanda w ipamba mbisi) bigomba kugenzurwa kuri 50% ~ 65%, uburyo bwo kuvanaho umwanda wamakarita ya licker-in (umwanda wibipapuro) bigomba kugenzurwa kuri 50% ~ 60%, kandi isahani yo gupfunyika ikuraho umwanda Imikorere igenzurwa kuri 3% ~ 10%, kandi ibihumanye byumuhanda mbisi bigomba kugenzurwa munsi ya 0.15%.
Icyibandwaho cyo kugenzura umwanda kuri mashini yamakarita nigice cya licker-igice, bigerwaho muguhindura ibipimo byerekana inzira ntoya yo kumeneka hamwe nicyuma cyo gukuramo ivumbi, nkicyuho gito cyo kumeneka cyo hasi no gutandukanya icyuho cya kane, uburebure bwicyuma cyo gukuramo ivumbi, nibindi. Iyo gukura kwipamba mbisi ari bibi kandi mukibero kirimo umwanda mwinshi, bikaviramo kwiyongera kwanduye muri sliver, icyuho cyinjira kumuryango muto wamazi kigomba kuba byahinduwe, kandi uburebure bwahantu hagwa bugomba kongerwa kugirango uhindure.Umuyoboro wokunywa ku gipfukisho cya licker-in ntigomba guhagarikwa, bitabaye ibyo bizatera imisumari idasanzwe no kwera mu nda yinyuma.Uburebure bwa chord ya ntoya yamenetse ni ndende cyane, kandi ibisobanuro by amenyo ya licker-in ntibikwiye, nibindi, bizongera ubwandu bwimyanda yibibabi.Ibisobanuro byimyenda yikarita hagati ya silinderi nigifuniko, intera iri hagati yigitwikiro cyo hejuru imbere na silinderi, uburebure bwo hejuru hejuru yigitwikiro cyimbere, n'umuvuduko wigifuniko nabyo bigira ingaruka kumubare wumwanda na neps muri sliver.
3. Kugabanya guswera
Neps ikorerwa kumashini yamakarita ikorwa cyane cyane kubera kongera gushushanya, guhinduranya hamwe na fibre.Kurugero, mugihe intera iri hagati ya silinderi na doffer na silinderi hamwe nisahani yo gupfundikanya ari nini cyane kandi amenyo yinshinge ntayegayezwa, fibre izasiba cyane.Kuzunguruka cyane mugukingura no gukora isuku, ubuhehere bwinshi bwongeye kugaruka kumpamba, kugereranya cyane kuvanga ipamba itunganijwe neza hamwe nipamba itunganijwe neza, cyangwa kugaburira kutaringaniye, nibindi, bizongera neps ya sliver.
Gukwirakwiza ipamba neza no gushimangira ubushyuhe nubushuhe bugira ingaruka zitari nke mukugabanya neps numwanda.Iyo uvanze ipamba, ibipimo byinshi bigira uruhare runini kumapfundo yintambara, nko gukura, inenge zangiza, umwanda, nibindi, bigomba gushimangirwa kugirango hagenzurwe itandukaniro ryibipimo byabo.Iyo ubuhehere bwongeye kugaruka kumpamba mbisi no kumpamba nkeya, umwanda uroroshye kugwa, kandi silike yanyuma yipamba nayo irashobora kugabanuka.Kubwibyo, ubushuhe bwongeye kugaruka kumpamba ntigomba kurenga 8% ~ 8.5%, naho ipamba mbisi ntigomba kurenga 10% ~ 11%.Igenzura ubushyuhe buke ugereranije mumahugurwa yamakarita, kurugero, ubuhehere bugereranijwe bugenzurwa kuri 55% ~ 60%, kugirango bushobore kurekura ubushuhe, kongera ubukana nubworoherane bwa fibre, kandi bigabanye guterana no kuzuza hagati ya fibre n'imyenda y'amakarita.Nyamara, niba ubushyuhe bugereranije buri hasi cyane, amashanyarazi ahamye yabyara byoroshye, kandi urubuga rwipamba rushobora kumeneka byoroshye, gufatana cyangwa kumeneka.Cyane cyane iyo kuzunguruka fibre chimique, iyi phenomenon iragaragara cyane.Niba ubuhehere bugereranije buri hasi cyane, ubuhehere bwongeye kugabanuka bwa sliver buzagabanuka icyarimwe, ibyo bikaba bitameze neza mugutegura gahunda.
Gukoresha imyenda yamakarita yujuje ubuziranenge, gushimangira imikorere yamakarita, no kongera aho unywa nubunini bwikirere kuri buri karita birashobora kugabanya cyane ipfundo ryoroshye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-26-2023
